FDA Approves Implantable Weight Loss Device.
FDA approved a vagus nerve stimulator pacemaker-like to control appetite. The device is implanted under the skin and approved only for severe overweight failing other losing weight approachs. The “Maestro” system, was approved after a year long trial in which 157 obese adults lost 8.5 percent more of their excess weight than 76 controls who received a sham implant. Result fell short of the 10 percent goal, but the FDA concluded benefits outweighed risks. FDA requirie EnteroMedics, a five-year, post-approval study to gather additional data about its safety and effectiveness.
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Lack Of Exercise May Be Responsible For Twice As Many Deaths As Obesity.
A study in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that lack of exercise may be responsible for twice as many deaths as obesity. Investigators analyzed data from 334,000 men and women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study. Exercise equivalent to a 20-minute brisk walk each day – burning 90 to 110 calories – reduces premature death by as 30 percent
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Mutational landscape of anaplastic thyroid cancer via whole exome sequencing.
A group from Yale and Karolinska studied 22 ATC cases and 4 ATC cell lines using whole-exome sequencing. A total of 2,674 somatic mutations were detected. The majority aggregated in the MAPK, ErbB, and RAS pathways. Mutations not previously associated with thyroid tumorigenesis were mTOR, NF1, NF2, MLH1, MLH3, MSH5, MSH6, ERBB2, EIF1AX and USH2A. Somatic mutations included BRAF, TP53, RAS- genes, PIK3CA and single cases of CDKN1B, CDKN2C, CTNNB1 and RET mutations. BRAF V600E and RAS mutations were mutually exclusive; all ATC cell lines exhibited a combination of mutations in either BRAF and TP53 or NRAS and TP53.
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TERT promoter mutations associate with distant metastases in PTC patients
TERT gene mutations reported in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers, had been now found in 21/121 of PTC with DM patients (33% of DM-PTCs vs 9% of the control-PTCs).
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Unhealthy Insulin Levels May Predict Breast Cancer Risk More Than obesity
A study in Cancer Research found high fasting insulin doubled the risk of breast cancer, both for overweight and normal-weight women. Women overweight with insulin-resistant had 84 percent greater breast cancer risk than overweight non insulin-resistant.
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Lack of advantage of Profilactic Central Neck Dissection in PTC
A total of 181 PTC patients with cN0 disease were randomized to total thyroidectomy without (n=88) or with (n=93) central neck dissection. Both groups showed similar outcome. The CND group needed less repeated 131-I treatments, have higher prevalence of permanent hypoparathyroidism. Almost 50% of PTC patients had micrometastatic lymph nodes in the central compartment, but none of the presurgical features analyzed, including BRAF mutation, was able to predict their presence; moreover, to be aware of their presence does not appear to have any impact on the outcome.
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New T2D Medication Launched In Swiss Market.
Novo Nordisk launched a novel injectable which marries basal insulin degludec with GLP-1 agonist liraglutide in a fixed-dose regimen (100 units/mL + 3.6 mg/mL). It name is Xultophy [insulin degludec and liraglutide] and is once-daily independently of meals intended for adults with T2DM inadequately controlled with oral treatments
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Trelagliptin Appears To Be As Safe, Effective As Daily Alogliptin.
A phase III study published online in Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology suggest an investigational weekly DPP-4 inhibitor proved noninferior to daily alogliptin. The 243-patient study found weekly trelagliptin reduced A1c to similar levels as the daily drug
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FDA Approves New Hypoparathyroidism Treatment.
FDA approved NPS’s Natpara (rhPTH) to control low blood calcium levels related to hypoparathyroidism. Natpara will have a warning label saying that bone cancer was observed in rats during testing. The FDA said that because of this risk, the treatment will be restricted “to those who have tried calcium and vitamin D supplements.
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Hormonal Contraceptives May Be Linked To Higher Rates Of Glioma.
A study in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology from Denmark’s national registries of health records indicated that women who had used hormonal contraceptives at any point in their lives showed a 50% higher risk of developing the brain tumors compared to those who had not used them
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